IPP REVENUE HITS

Friday, December 12, 2014

Douches and Enemas

What are Douches?
Douches are aqueous solution directed against a part or into a body cavity for cleansing and antiseptic agent.
There are several kinds of douches:
  1. Eye douche. It is used to remove foreign particles and discharges from the eyes and is directly given at an oblique angle and allowed to run from the inner to the outer corner of the eye.
  2. Pharyngeal douche. It is used to prepare the interior of the throat for an operation and to cleanse it in suppurative conditions.
  3. Nasal douche
  4. Vaginal douche
  5. Urethral douche
These are referred to as irrigation possessing antiseptic, astringent, or soothing action and are prepared immediately before use by dissolving the medicament in the required amount of water.
Douches are usually introduced to the appropriate body cavity by the use of bulb syringe. They are dispensed in powdered form with directions for dissolving in a specified quantity of warm water (Dobell's Solution Tablets). Tablets or powders must be free from insoluble material to produce clear solution. Lubricant or diluents used in the tablet must be readily soluble in water, example boric acid as lubricant; sodium chlorides as diluent. Several compounds of the USP XVII or NF XII are employed as such in a weak solution example, Benzalkonium Chloride USP in various douches and compounds. Sodium Borate Solution NF XI as a nasal or pharyngeal douche.


What are Enemas?
Enemas are rectal injection used to evacuate the bowel, influence the general system by absorption, or to affect locally the seat of disease. They possess anthelmintic, nutritive, sedative, or stimulation properties, or may contain radiopaque substance for roentgenographic examination of the lower bowel. Enemas are usually given at body temperature in quantities of 1 or 2 pints injected slowly with a syringe. They should be used in larger quantities than 6 fluid ounces for an adult if enema is intended to be retained in the intestine.
Starch enemas may be used either by itself or as a vehicle for other forms of medication. Sodium Chloride, Sodium Bicarbonate, Sodium Monhydrogen Phosphate and Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate are used as enemas either alone or in combination with irritants as soap.

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